The rules known to be the Environmental (Protection) Third Amendment Rules 2022 which shall come into force from 1st July 2023. Under it, there are some changes made in the emission limits. Let us discuss what all changes have occurred in the emission limits by CPCB.
In the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 in the Schedule I-
in serial number 88-
- Item “A. Emission Standards” and entries relating thereto, the following shall be substituted, namely-
- Emission Standards :
- The emission limits for new engines used for power generating set (hereinafter referred to as Genset) applications up to 800 kW Gross Mechanical Power, namely:
(i) Diesel engines;
(ii) Engines based on dedicated alternate fuels;
(iii) Engines based on Bi-fuels run either on Gasoline or on any one of the alternate fuels;
(iv) Engines based on Dual Fuel run on Diesel and any of the alternate fuels;
(v) Portable Generator sets (PI engines below 19kW and up to 800 cc displacement) run on Gasoline fuel, dedicated alternate fuels and Bi-fuel run either on Gasoline or on any one of the alternate fuels;
Moreover, The emission limits for new engines up to 800 kW used for Genset shall be effective from 1st July, 2023 as specified in the Table 1 and Table 2 below subject to the General Conditions contained therein, namely-
TABLE 1
Emission limits for Genset engines up to 800 kW Gross Mechanical Powered by All CI engines and PI engines > 800 cc engine displacement.
| Power Category kW | NOx | HC*/** | NOx +HC*/** | CO | PM | Smoke (light absorption coefficient) | ||
| CI/PI | CI/PI | CI/PI | CI/PI | CI | PI | CI | PI | |
| P ≤ 8 | – | – | 7.5 | 3.5 | 0.30 | – | 0.7 | – |
| 8 < P ≤ 19 | 4.7 | 3.5 | 0.30 | – | 0.7 | – | ||
| 19 < P ≤ 56 | – | – | 4.7 | 3.5 | 0.03 | 0.7 | – | |
| 56 < P ≤ 560 | 0.40 | 0.19 | – | 3.5 | 0.02 | – | 0.7 | – |
| 56 < P ≤ 800 | 0.67 | 0.19 | – | 3.5 | 0.03 | – | 0.7 | – |
TABLE 2
Emission limits for portable Genset up to 19 kW powered by PI engines (up to 800 cc engine displacement)
| Category Engine Displacement (cc) | CO | NOx+HC*/** |
| Up to 99 | <250 | <10 |
| >99 and up to 225 | <250 | <08 |
| > 225 and upto 800 | <250 | <06 |
The abbreviations used in Table 1 and Table 2 are as follows:
(i) NOx – Oxides of Nitrogen;
(ii) HC– Hydrocarbon;
(iii) CO – Carbon Monoxide;
(iv) PM – Particulate Matter;
(v) CI-Compression Ignition engines;
(vi) PI- Positive Ignition engines;
(vii) * HC stands for THC for diesel and gasoline;
(viii) ** HC for alternate fuels shall be as defined in System and Procedure for Generator set.
- Test cycle for constant speed and variable speed application shall be as described in System and Procedure for Genset.
- Smoke shall not exceed prescribed limit value throughout the operating load points of the test cycle.
Note: (i) The test shall be done on engine dynamometer for all CI engines and PI engines (above 800 cc displacement);
(ii) the test shall be done on resistive load bank for Portable Gensets (up to 19 kW and up to 800 cc engine displacement) powered by PI engines;
(iii) the emission limits are applicable to both constant speed and variable speed gensets and genset engines are used primarily to operate an electrical generator or alternator to produce and supply electric power for other applications in place of power from electric grid;
(iv) portable genset combines an electrical generator and a prime mover engine to form a single piece of equipment. This combination engine-generator set can be moved, pulled and not attached to earth, by a person and not build permanently into a structure such as power house or station and satisfy the following conditions namely,-
(a) power output is up to 19 kW and up to 800 cc engine displacement;
(b) power by PI air cooled engine;
(c) it is on Hand-cart mounted units.
(v) the test procedure for measurement of gross power and the tolerances shall be as per the procedure laid down in System and Procedure for Genset;
(vi) administrative and test procedure for measurement of emission of visible and gaseous pollutants and
the particulate matter shall be as per procedure laid down in System and Procedure for Genset;
(vii)Table 1 and Table 2 emission limits shall be applicable for the Type Approval Test and Conformity of
Production Test as carried out by authorized certifying agencies;
(viii) Frequency of Conformity of Production test and the selection procedure shall be as per procedure laid down in System and Procedure for Genset;
(ix) engine Durability Period and Deterioration Factor: Deterioration factor is applicable to all CI and PI engines above 19 kW power category only;
(a) engine manufacturer may choose for an engine test laid down in System and Procedure for Genset as mentioned in Table 3 given below:
TABLE 3
| Category (Power Band) | Emission durability period (hours) | Engine Category |
| >19 ≤ 56 kW (constant speed Engines) | 3000 | PI and CI |
| >19 ≤ 56 kW (Variable speed Engines) | 5000 | PI and CI |
| > 56 kW (All engines) | 8000 | PI and CI |
(b) as an alternative to use a service accumulation schedule to determine deterioration factors, engine manufacturers shall use the assigned multiplicative deterioration factors for engine families using exhaust after-treatment system as per the Engine Capacity mentioned in Table 4 given below:
TABLE 4
| Engine Category | CO | HC | Nox | PM |
| CI | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.15 | 1.05 |
| PI | 1.3 | 1.15 | 1.15 | – |
(c) Additive Deterioration Factors shall be specified by the manufacturer with the supportive document as specified System and Procedure for Genset for each pollutant in an engine family approval application for CI engines and PI engines not using any exhaust after-treatment system;
(d) manufacturers shall request type approval certification for shorter or longer useful life for an engine family and the test agency can approve a shorter or longer useful life in hours of engine operations but not in years.
- Engines rely on external devices and/ or reagent in order to reduce emissions, shall ensure the correct operation of NOx control measures through Onboard Diagnostics as per procedure laid down in System and Procedure for Genset.
- Emission of ammonia over the test cycles for engines equipped with Selective Catalytic Reduction shall not exceed a mean value of 25 parts per million (ppm) for engine power category less than or equal to 56 kW and 10 ppm for engine power category above 56 kW.
- Engines rely on the use of any external devices and /or exhaust after treatment devise to reduce particulate matter emissions, shall ensure the correct operation of particulate matter control measures.
- PI engines rely on the use of any external devices and /or exhaust after-treatment device to reduce NOx emissions, shall ensure the correct operation of NOx control measures, as per procedure laid down in System and Procedure for Genset.
- The NOx reduction reagent shall conform to standards determined in System and Procedure for Genset.
- Specifications of test fuels for Type approval and Conformity of Production tests shall be as defined in System and Procedure for Genset and one emission compliance tests shall be carried either on commercially available fuel or with reference fuel as declared by the manufacture during type approval test application and the same to be followed during Conformity of Production compliance tests.
- Stack height for Genset shall be governed as per Central Pollution Control Board guidelines.
- Electronically controlled compression Ignition engines and dual fuel engines shall be within the control area regulated in System and Procedure for Genset and shall not exceed more than two times the limit values of the emissions specified in Table 1.”;
(ii) item ―C. General Conditions,‖ and the entries relating thereto the following shall be substituted, namely: –
“C. General Conditions:
- Applicability- These General Conditions shall apply to all new engines for power generation application and products manufactured, assembled or imported to India, operating at constant or variable speed as the case may be:
Provided that these rules, shall not apply to-
(a)engine or product, assembled or manufactured or imported, as the case may be, for the purpose of
export outside India, or;
(b)engine or product intended for the purpose of sample limited to four in number and to be exported
back within six months of completing the sample testing and not for sale in India.
(c)engine or product, assembled or manufactured or imported, as the case may be, for the purpose of
research and development testing which shall be scraped or re-exported.
- Requirement of certification.- Domestic manufacturer, importer or assembler of engines for power generation up to 800 kW and engine displacement > 800 cc and of portable Gensets up to 19 kW and engine displacement up to 800 cc, shall obtain Type Approval from authorized certifying agency and also comply with Conformity of Production test of their product(s) for the emission limits which shall be valid for the next Conformity of Production year or the date of implementation of the revised norms specified above, whichever is earlier.
Explanation. – The term Conformity of Production year covers the period from 1st July of calendar year to 30th June of the following calendar year.
- Sale, import or use of engine or product not complying with these rules.- No person shall sell, import or use an engine and genset for power generation application which is not having a valid Type Approval certificate and certificate of Conformity of Production referred to in General Condition 2.
- Requirement of conformance labelling shall be as mentioned in System and Procedure for Genset.
- Nodal Agency. – The Central Pollution Control Board shall be the nodal agency for implementation of
these rules.
(a) In case of difficulty in implementation of these rules, the matter shall be referred to the nodal agency.
(b) shall constitute a Standing Committee to advise it related to the implementation of these rules. - Authorised agencies for certification. – (a) Automotive Research Association of India, Pune (Maharashtra); (b) International Centre for Automotive Technology, Manesar (Haryana); and (c) Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun (Uttarakhand) are authorised to carry out or witness such tests as they may deem necessary, for giving certificates of Type Approval and Conformity of Production for engines and Gensets for power generation application: –
- Compliance and testing procedure.-
(1) the Compliance and Testing Procedure, as published by the Central Pollution Control Board shall be
followed by all concerned,
(2) the authorized agencies for certification shall submit the testing and certification details in respect of
the emission to the Central Pollution Control Board annually.
- Engine components or parts identification.- All the details of engine components or parts responsible for the emission performance shall be clearly marked in English language.
- Safety code of practices for alternate fuels shall be as defined in System and Procedure for Genset.
- Fuel system components certification for alternate fuels shall be as defined in System and Procedure for Genset.
- The Central Pollution Control Board, Commission for Air Quality Management, State Pollution Control Boards or Pollution Control Committee may issue more stringent norms taking account to local condition of the area.
- Transition provisions for Gensets and Genset engines manufactured as per earlier norms shall be as defined as follows:
(a) Last date of manufacturing of the engine system as per earlier norms shall be 30th June 2023. For
PI engines it shall be 31st July 2023.
(b) Last date of manufacturing of Gensets as per earlier norms shall be 31st December 2023.
(c) Last date of manufacturing of PI Gensets as per earlier norms shall be 31st August 2023.‖;
(b) serial number 95 and the entries relating thereto shall be omitted;
(c) in serial number 95 A,-
(i) item ―A. Emission Limits‖ and the entries relating thereto shall be omitted;
(ii) item ―C. General Conditions‖ and the entries relating thereto shall be omitted;
(d) in serial number 95 B,-
(i) item ―A. Emission Limits‖ and the entries relating thereto shall be omitted;
(ii) item ―C. General Conditions‖ and the entries relating thereto shall be omitted;
(e) in serial number 95 C,-
(i) item ―A. Emission Limits‖ and the entries relating thereto shall be omitted;
(ii) item ―C. General Conditions‖ and the entries relating thereto shall be omitted
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